The type of buying behavior characterized by a preference for a specific brand is known as:

Brand loyalty refers to the consistent preference for one brand over others, which is a significant aspect of consumer behavior in marketing. When consumers demonstrate brand loyalty, they repeatedly choose the same brand's products, even when other options are available. This behavior can be attributed to several factors, including positive past experiences with the brand, perceived quality, emotional connections, or trust in the brand’s promises and values.

Understanding brand loyalty is crucial for marketers because it often leads to repeat purchases, reduces marketing costs per sale, and enhances overall customer lifetime value. Moreover, loyal customers are more likely to recommend the brand to others, creating organic growth through word of mouth.

In contrast, habitual buying refers to purchasing behavior where consumers frequently buy the same product out of routine rather than a strong attachment to a specific brand. Impulse buying is characterized by unplanned purchases made on a whim, and variety-seeking involves consumers switching brands in search of new experiences or alternatives rather than loyalty to a specific brand. Hence, brand loyalty specifically highlights a committed preference for a particular brand, distinguishing it from these other behaviors.